Ajax by Sophocles — cover

Ajax

Ajax is a tragedy written by Sophocles and first published in 440 BC.

In this gripping tragedy by Sophocles, we learn the story of Ajax, a brave warrior who fought in the Trojan War. After the death of Achilles, a battle ensues over his precious armor. The Greek leaders give this honor to Odysseus instead of Ajax.

Feeling unjustly disgraced, Ajax begins to plot revenge against those who humiliated him. But through divine intervention, Ajax mistakes his enemies for a herd of cattle upon which he unleashes his full wrath.

When he comes to his senses, Ajax realizes what he has done to this herd, which was his livelihood, and he will face the scorn of his fellows...

"ATHENA: Son of Laertes, ever do I behold thee
Scheming to snatch some vantage o'er thy foes.
And now among the tents that guard the ships
Of Ajax, camped at the army's outmost verge,
Long have I watched thee hunting in his trail,
And scanning his fresh prints, to learn if now
He be within or forth. "

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Tragedy Greek Drama Heroism Pride and Downfall Madness The Consequences of Wrath Honor in Death

Public domain (US)·No sign-up·DRM-free·Real text, not scans

Pages
56
Reading time
59 minutes
Pace
Intermediate
First published
-440
Language
Ancient Greek
Downloads
2,444

2466 years later, still timely

Why Read Ajax in 2026?

Honor wounds a warrior who cannot see a path back to community. The play faces rage, shame, and responsibility with clear eyes and asks leaders to care for the broken as well as the brave. It is tough and necessary.

Today's connection

Veterans’ mental health, stigma, and command ethics are urgent. This tragedy invites compassion and better policy.

Care after battle

Dignity for the injured.

Leadership duty

Strength includes mercy.

Unflinching tone

Hard truths, human scale.

Perfect for Students of classic literature Readers interested in Greek mythology Individuals exploring themes of heroism and tragedy

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About the author

Portrait of Sophocles

Sophocles · -497–-406

Tragedy with clear ethics; fate choice and speech tested in public.

5 books by Sophocles in the library →

If this one stays with you…